What are the types of Mastectomy surgeries?
In the previous post, we learnt various aspects about Radical Mastectomy, like the structures that are removed, and are preserved, etc.Now, we will learn more about other modifications of Mastectomy which are the more extensive surgeries and the less extensive ones.
While performing the radical mastectomy, sometimes a biopsy can be taken from the internal mammary node which lies behind the 2nd intercostal space (between the two ribs)
This is done for the purpose of a better diagnosis and to know the extent of spread of cancer.
2. Ultra Radical Mastectomy (Urban)
Here, the 2nd,3rd and 4th costal cartilage along with the corresponding part of the sternum is removed so as to access the internal mammary nodes and remove them.
The internal mammary nodes are removed along with the parietal pleura (covering) and the internal mammary vessels supplying them.
3. Extended Radical Mastectomy (Dahl-Iverson)
Here, the supraclavicular lymph nodes are also removed in addition to what is done in Ultra Radical Mastectomy.
For this, the central part of the clavicle or collar-bone is excised.
This operation is based on a concept given by Mc Whirter, that in Radical Mastectomy, if the internal mammary nodes are spared, then likewise, the other lymph nodes and lymphatics can also be spared and then treated with Radiation.
Here, the removal of breast is followed by radiation of internal mammary nodes, axillary lymph nodes, supraclavicular lymph nodes and their related lymphatics, and also the muscles.
This helps to maintain the shape or contour of the chestwall.
2. Modified radical Mastectomy (Patey)
As we saw in the previous post about Radical Mastectomy, both the Pectoralis major and Pectoralis minor muscles are excised with their fascia.
In this operation, however, Pectoralis major muscle (that lies above the Pectoralis minor) is retracted upwards and then the Pectoralis minor is excised from its insertion.
Hence, the shape of chest wall is maintained, the anterior axillary fold is maintained, and an ideal soite for skin graft is prepared, if need be.
Also, the strength of the arm is preserved because of intact Pectoralis major muscle.
3. Segmental Mastectomy
Here, only the tumor is removed with some of the surrounding healthy tissue.
This is followed by Radiation therapy.
These are a few other types of surgeries to treat breast cancer, but Radical Mastectomy is the most preferred.
We will look in to the possible complications due to Radical Mastectomy in the following article.
Also read
What is mastectomy?
Mastectomy : early and late complications.
Cancer and surgery.
What is biopsy?
Preoperative preparation.
In the previous post, we learnt various aspects about Radical Mastectomy, like the structures that are removed, and are preserved, etc.Now, we will learn more about other modifications of Mastectomy which are the more extensive surgeries and the less extensive ones.
- The more extensive surgeries
While performing the radical mastectomy, sometimes a biopsy can be taken from the internal mammary node which lies behind the 2nd intercostal space (between the two ribs)
This is done for the purpose of a better diagnosis and to know the extent of spread of cancer.
 |
| These are the Lymph nodes around the Breast |
2. Ultra Radical Mastectomy (Urban)
Here, the 2nd,3rd and 4th costal cartilage along with the corresponding part of the sternum is removed so as to access the internal mammary nodes and remove them.
The internal mammary nodes are removed along with the parietal pleura (covering) and the internal mammary vessels supplying them.
3. Extended Radical Mastectomy (Dahl-Iverson)
Here, the supraclavicular lymph nodes are also removed in addition to what is done in Ultra Radical Mastectomy.
For this, the central part of the clavicle or collar-bone is excised.
- The less extensive or less radical surgeries
This operation is based on a concept given by Mc Whirter, that in Radical Mastectomy, if the internal mammary nodes are spared, then likewise, the other lymph nodes and lymphatics can also be spared and then treated with Radiation.
Here, the removal of breast is followed by radiation of internal mammary nodes, axillary lymph nodes, supraclavicular lymph nodes and their related lymphatics, and also the muscles.
This helps to maintain the shape or contour of the chestwall.
2. Modified radical Mastectomy (Patey)
As we saw in the previous post about Radical Mastectomy, both the Pectoralis major and Pectoralis minor muscles are excised with their fascia.
In this operation, however, Pectoralis major muscle (that lies above the Pectoralis minor) is retracted upwards and then the Pectoralis minor is excised from its insertion.
Hence, the shape of chest wall is maintained, the anterior axillary fold is maintained, and an ideal soite for skin graft is prepared, if need be.
Also, the strength of the arm is preserved because of intact Pectoralis major muscle.
3. Segmental Mastectomy
Here, only the tumor is removed with some of the surrounding healthy tissue.
 |
| Partial or Segmental Mastectomy |
These are a few other types of surgeries to treat breast cancer, but Radical Mastectomy is the most preferred.
We will look in to the possible complications due to Radical Mastectomy in the following article.
Also read
What is mastectomy?
Mastectomy : early and late complications.
Cancer and surgery.
What is biopsy?
Preoperative preparation.
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