These are some of the most commonly encountered terminologies in the realm of Oncology.
MALIGNANCY- a condition that is progressive and life-threatening. Malignant Cancer means unwanted and uncontrolled growth of cells destroying the surrounding tissues and having the potential to spread.
BENIGN- non malignant growth which is localized.
NEOPLASM- new-growth of cells that may be benign or malignant
TUMOR- a collection of cells that forms a lump or swelling
METASTASIS- secondary growth due to spreading of cancer cells which originate from a different or primary site.
APOPTOSIS- programmed cell death. A normal process of self-destruction of cells after they serve their purpose for a specific amount of time.
SENTINEL NODE- a lymph node in which the fluid drains first from another tissue through the lymphatics.
BIOPSY- extraction of small tissue cells for diagnostic and investigative purpose.
CHEMOTHERAPY- treatment with chemical agents or drugs.
RADIOTHERAPY- treatment using X-rays or Gamma rays.
BRACHYTHERAPY- a type of Radiotherapy that involves using small radioactive pellets or needles for direct administration of radiation into the tumor.
IMMUNOTHERAPY- treatment done by stimulating the immune system or body defense mechanism against cancer cells.
PALLIATION- relieving the patient from painful symptoms, when curing is not possible.
ADENOMA- a benign tumor that originates in the glands or epithelium (lining) of glands.
ADENOCARCINOMA- malignant tumor of glandular cells.
ANAPLASIA- cells which are higly abnormal.They don't look or function like the cells they originated from.
ASTROCYTOMA- malignant tumor of brain cells that originates from the connective tissue.
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA- malignant tumor of the basal or deep layer of the skin.
FIBROMA- benign tumor formed of fibrous tissue.
KAPOSI'S SARCOMA- malignancy of blood vessels in the skin.
LIPOMA- benign tumor of fat cells.
LYMPHOMA- malignancy of lymphoid tissue.
MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA- malignant tumor of histiocytes or immune cells in the soft tissues and bones.
MEDULLOBLASTOMA- malignant brain tumor that involves primitive brain cells in the cerebellum.
MELANOMA- malignant cancer of melanin pigment producing cells in skin and sometimes eyes.
NEUROBLASTOMA- malignancy of the nerve-forming cells in the Autonomous Nervous System.
NEUROMA- benign tumor of nervous tissues.
PAPILLOMA- benign tumor of epithelium.
RETINOBLASTOMA- malignant cancer of retina of the eye.
SARCOMA- malignancy of the connective tissues.
Also read-
5 reasons why you should study Oncology.
Cancer and surgery.
What is Radiation oncology?
What is Cancer-related fatigue?
What is psycho-oncology?
12 causes of cancer.
Cancer in 21st century.
MALIGNANCY- a condition that is progressive and life-threatening. Malignant Cancer means unwanted and uncontrolled growth of cells destroying the surrounding tissues and having the potential to spread.
BENIGN- non malignant growth which is localized.
NEOPLASM- new-growth of cells that may be benign or malignant
TUMOR- a collection of cells that forms a lump or swelling
METASTASIS- secondary growth due to spreading of cancer cells which originate from a different or primary site.
APOPTOSIS- programmed cell death. A normal process of self-destruction of cells after they serve their purpose for a specific amount of time.
SENTINEL NODE- a lymph node in which the fluid drains first from another tissue through the lymphatics.
BIOPSY- extraction of small tissue cells for diagnostic and investigative purpose.
CHEMOTHERAPY- treatment with chemical agents or drugs.
RADIOTHERAPY- treatment using X-rays or Gamma rays.
BRACHYTHERAPY- a type of Radiotherapy that involves using small radioactive pellets or needles for direct administration of radiation into the tumor.
IMMUNOTHERAPY- treatment done by stimulating the immune system or body defense mechanism against cancer cells.
PALLIATION- relieving the patient from painful symptoms, when curing is not possible.
ADENOMA- a benign tumor that originates in the glands or epithelium (lining) of glands.
ADENOCARCINOMA- malignant tumor of glandular cells.
ANAPLASIA- cells which are higly abnormal.They don't look or function like the cells they originated from.
ASTROCYTOMA- malignant tumor of brain cells that originates from the connective tissue.
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA- malignant tumor of the basal or deep layer of the skin.
FIBROMA- benign tumor formed of fibrous tissue.
KAPOSI'S SARCOMA- malignancy of blood vessels in the skin.
LIPOMA- benign tumor of fat cells.
LYMPHOMA- malignancy of lymphoid tissue.
MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA- malignant tumor of histiocytes or immune cells in the soft tissues and bones.
MEDULLOBLASTOMA- malignant brain tumor that involves primitive brain cells in the cerebellum.
MELANOMA- malignant cancer of melanin pigment producing cells in skin and sometimes eyes.
NEUROBLASTOMA- malignancy of the nerve-forming cells in the Autonomous Nervous System.
NEUROMA- benign tumor of nervous tissues.
PAPILLOMA- benign tumor of epithelium.
RETINOBLASTOMA- malignant cancer of retina of the eye.
SARCOMA- malignancy of the connective tissues.
Also read-
5 reasons why you should study Oncology.
Cancer and surgery.
What is Radiation oncology?
What is Cancer-related fatigue?
What is psycho-oncology?
12 causes of cancer.
Cancer in 21st century.
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